1-Cataract

Definition: Clouding of the eye’s natural lens causing vision impairment.

- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Discontinue blood thinners as per physician order
2. Use antibiotic eye drops starting one day before
3. Fasting 6-8 hours before surgery
4. Wash face and eyelids with mild soap
5. No eye makeup
6. Bring sunglasses

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Regular use of prescribed eye drops
2. Avoid pressure and rubbing the eye
3. Use eye shield during sleep
4. Avoid bending and heavy lifting
5. Avoid water contact with eye
6. Report severe pain or vision loss immediately

Hospital Stay: Outpatient (no admission)

Discharge: Same day of surgery

Follow-up: Next day, 1 week, 1 month


2. DCR ( Dacryocystorhinostomy )

Definition: Surgical procedure to open blocked tear duct


- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Complete blood tests and imaging
2. Stop aspirin and anticoagulants
3. Complete fasting 8 hours before
4. Inform doctor if having cold/flu
5. Clean nose and eye area
6. No perfume or deodorant

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Keep head elevated during sleep
2. Use cold compress on eye
3. Avoid forceful nose blowing
4. Take antibiotics as prescribed
5. Use saline nasal drops
6. Avoid hard and hot foods

Hospital Stay: 1-2 days

Discharge: After bleeding control

Follow-up: 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month

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3. Strabismus

Definition: Misalignment of the eyes

- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Complete eye examination and deviation measurement
2. Pre-operative eye exercises if prescribed
3. Overnight fasting for children
4. Psychological preparation of child
5. Discontinue contact lenses one week before
6. Inform doctor about current medications

-Post-operative Care:
 

1. Use antibiotic and steroid eye drops
2. Limit strenuous activities for 2 weeks
3. Clean discharge with sterile cotton
4. Avoid swimming and diving
5. Use sunglasses outdoors
6. Perform vision exercises as prescribed

Hospital Stay: Outpatient or overnight

Discharge:Same day or next day

Follow-up: 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months


4. Probing (Nasolacrimal Duct Probing)

Definition: Opening blocked tear duct with probe in infants and children

- Pre-operative Care:

1. Massage lacrimal sac several times daily
1. Use antibiotic drops if infection present
1. Fasting 4-6 hours for children
1. Ensure child’s general health
1. Prepare parents for accompaniment
1. Clean child’s face and eyes

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Continue lacrimal sac massage for 2 weeks
2. Use prescribed eye drops
3. Clean discharge with sterile saline
4. Report bleeding or severe swelling
5. Avoid pressure on the area
6. Cold compress if swelling occurs

Hospital Stay: 2-4 hours

Discharge: Same day

Follow-up: 1 week, 1 month


5. Intravitreal Injection

Definition: Injection of medication into vitreous humor for retinal diseases

- Pre-operative Care:

1. Pupil dilating drops
1. Topical anesthetic drops
1. Complete disinfection of eyelid and eye area
1. Inform doctor about allergies
1. Measure intraocular pressure
1. Continue regular medications except blood thinners

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Use antibiotic drops for 3-5 days
2. Avoid rubbing the eye
3. Immediately report severe pain, redness, or vision loss
4. Avoid swimming for 3 days
5. Use oral pain reliever if needed
6. Protect eye from bright light

Hospital Stay: None

Discharge: Immediately after injection

Follow-up: If complications occur, or per next injection schedule


6.Blepharoplasty

Definition: Cosmetic or reconstructive eyelid surgery

- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Stop smoking 2 weeks before
2. Discontinue vitamin E and herbal supplements
3. Prepare cold compresses at home
4. Overnight fasting
5. No alcohol consumption

1. Wash hair and face before surgery

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Cold compress every 2 hours for first 48 hours
2. Keep head elevated above heart during sleep
3. Limit strenuous activities for 2-3 weeks
4. Use sunglasses
5. Avoid excessive reading and TV watching
6. Care for sutures and keep dry

Hospital Stay: Outpatient

Discharge: Same day

Follow-up: 2-3 days (suture removal), 1 week, 1 month


7. Eye Tumor Removal:

Definition: Surgery to remove benign or malignant eye tumors

- Pre-operative Care:

1. Complete blood tests and imaging
1. Pre-operative biopsy if needed
1. Oncologist consultation if malignant
1. Complete fasting
1. Psychological preparation of patient and family
1. Blood preparation if needed

- Post-operative Care:

1. Monitor vital signs regularly
1. Control pain with appropriate analgesics
1. Use prescribed drops and ointments
1. Report bleeding, severe pain, or fever
1. Limit head movements for few days
1. Follow up pathology results

Hospital Stay: 2-5 days depending on tumor type

Discharge: After general condition stabilizes

Follow-up: 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, then regular

8.Ptosis (Upper Eyelid Drooping)

Definition: Drooping of upper eyelid, can be congenital or acquired

- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Precise measurement of ptosis degree
2. Evaluation of levator muscle function
3. Dry eye test
4. Appropriate fasting
5. No contact lens use
6. Prepare for artificial tears use

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Cold compress on eyelid
2. Use artificial tears frequently
3. Keep eye semi-open during sleep initially
4. Use eye ointment at night
5. Avoid excessive reading
6. Perform eyelid exercises as prescribed

Hospital Stay: Outpatient or overnight

Discharge: Same day or next day

Follow-up: 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months


9. Ectropion (Lower Eyelid Drooping)

Definition: Outward turning of lower eyelid


- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Use artificial tears before surgery
2. Treat infection if present
3. Evaluate cause of ectropion
4. Standard fasting
5. Thoroughly clean eye area
6. Discontinue anticoagulants

- Post-operative Care:
 

1. Regular use of artificial tears and ointment
2. Cold compress to reduce swelling
3. Sleep with head elevated
4. Avoid pulling on eyelid
5. Protect eye with glasses
6. Report severe redness or purulent discharge

Hospital Stay: Outpatient

Discharge: Same day

Follow-up: 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month


10. Retinal Laser (Diabetic Retinopathy)

Definition: Use of laser to treat diabetes-related retinal damage


- Pre-operative Care:
 

1. Control blood sugar before laser
2. Pupil dilating drops
3. Anesthetic drops
4. Bring companion for driving
5. Inform doctor about diabetes medications
6. Avoid contact lenses on laser day

- Post-operative Care:

1. Rest eyes for 24 hours
1. Use anti-inflammatory drops
1. Avoid strenuous activities
1. Use sunglasses
1. Regular blood sugar monitoring
1. Immediately report sudden vision loss

Hospital Stay: None

Discharge: Immediately after laser

Follow-up: 1 month, 3 months, then every 3-6 months