Showing 4 results for Vaccine
S Noor Bakhsh, M Brati, A Tabatabae, F Ebrahimi Taj, M Keshavarz Roohi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (10-2007)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Influenza virus is the sixth cause of death in the world. We cannot differentiate it from other respiratory viruses upon clinical signs alone. This study was aimed at determining the frequency of influenza A&B antigen in pharyngeal secretion of children with upper Respiratory Infection (URI). Materials and methods: This cross sectional -descriptive study was done in pediatrics clinic of Rasoul hospital and Shahid Heidari clinic, Tehran (2006-2007). We studied the immunochromatography 149 children aged less than 14 years with URI. Rapid test was performed on pharyngeal samples of all cases. We used independent T test to compare the means of variables. (CI 95%, p<0.05). Results: The Signs of the studied children are fever (58.4%), sore throat (60.4%), coughing, runny nose and hoarseness (45%) and gastric signs (<20%) while in Influenza cases, they are 86.7%, 40% and 40% respectively. Fifteen (10.1%) of the subjects have positive rapid influenza test. The average age of the influenza case is 80 months, which is not significantly different from non-influenza cases. While no under one-year-old child has Positive influenza test, by increasing age the number of positive test is increased. As the frequency in children, aged over 10 is increased to 15.4%. There is significant difference between positive influenza test and signs such as fever, sore throat and previous antibiotic usage (p<0.5). Conclusion: Although this study was not done in epidemic period for influenza, it indicated Influenza as the etiology of 10.6% of URI. Since the cost for prevention and treatment of influenza is high and drug resistance is problematic, we can decrease the URI in non-epidemic period by mass vaccination in children, at least in high-risk cases. Key words: URI (upper respiratory infection), Influenza virus, rapid Immunochromatography Influenza test, Influenza vaccine.
Mahmoud Alebouyeh , Zahra Abedi , Hossein Rastegar , Hasan Bagheri , Javad Vaez, Behrouz Akbari-Adergani ,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (11-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Aluminum salts are among the most common useful additive compounds in preparation of human and animal vaccines. Aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide are two additives that show good immunoadjuvant effects with many antigens. Aluminum-containing vaccines lead to a better and longer immune response compared to adjuvant-lacking vaccines. The Chromogenic methods used for determination of aluminum amounts in manufacturing centers are time-consuming and requires some experienced technicians to obtain accurate results. This study aimed to design and validate a simple polarographic method to measure aluminum in recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.
Methods: In this study, the effects of temperature, pH, potential range and potential scan rate on the polarographic method of measuring aluminum in hepatitis B vaccine was evaluated and the optimal values for each of these factors were achieved.
Results: In order to measure aluminum, temperature of 60 °C and pH of 4.5 were found as the optimal values. Implementation of polarographic method in the potential range of -0.25 to 0.1 volts had a better signal.
Conclusion: Since the polarography method is more simple, accurate and faster than the chromogenic methods, it is suitable to be used for the measurement of aluminum in hepatitis B vaccine and it is recommended to be used in quality control laboratories for biological products.
Keywords: Adjuvant, Hepatitis B Vaccine, Polarography, Aluminum.
Sina Soleimani,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: After using of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) for a long time in Iran, in recent years, due to the eradication of type 2 of poliovirus, a bivalent vaccine containing types 1 and 3 is used. Since it is a highly thermo labile vaccine strain of poliovirus, it should be stored under the recommended temperature. Because in vaccine storage and transportation, the cold chain may not be achieved in Iran tropical weather conditions, the potency of this vaccine may be subject to change.
Methods: The purpose of this study was the stability evaluation of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine produced by Razi Institute in Iran for stability study of vaccines to ensure constancy of virus at different temperatures and intervals freezing/defrosting cycles (stress tests). Three consecutive batches produced during full-scale production were sampled randomly. All quality control tests in the form of stability studies were done on vaccines stored at -20, 2-8, 22-25 and 35-37ºC in specific time intervals and 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 freezing/defrosting cycles.
Results: The findings indicate the stability of this vaccine in different situations. The results also showed the effects of the environment affecting factors on the potency of the vaccines and determined the correlation between the VVM grade and the vaccine potency.
Conclusion: Important observations of the vaccine distribution network at different transit levels and the correlation of VVM grade and vaccine potency and freezing/defrosting are discussed in this study which will be of help to the vaccine program team.
Muragendraswami Astagimath, Suman Doddamani, Vishwanath Patil, Raviraja Aryapu,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Pandemics have serious adverse impacts on public health, economy, social structure, and overall growth and development of a nation. Such impacts can be mitigated by timely introduction of effective vaccination programs. This was successfully achieved in India. This study was performed to compare the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses after first and second dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 people who were vaccinated with the AstraZeneca vaccine at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi, India. The subjects were divided into two groups. Group I included 30 people who had received a single dose of the vaccine, and group II included 30 people who had received two doses of the vaccine. Exclusion criteria included having a history of influenza like illness/severe acute respiratory infection/proven COVID-19 infection in past 6 months. The antibody response was measured by the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test using the VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Reagent Pack.
Results: We observed that 97% of the subjects had reactive IgG antibodies after receiving two doses of the vaccine, whereas only 83% of the subjects developed antibodies after a single dose of the vaccine. A positive correlation was observed between the development of reactive antibodies and the duration between the first dose and the second dose (r=0.24).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the two-dose vaccination with the AstraZeneca vaccine is beneficial over the single-dose vaccination for protection against COVID-19. Moreover, increasing the duration between doses might improve the antibody response.
